Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology

G. N. Voitenko¹, A. A. Kalashnikov¹, N. V. Kurdil¹, V. L. Savytskyi²,
L. A. Ustinova², O. G. Lutsenko³

¹L. I. Medved’s Scientific Center for Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety of the Ministry of
  Health of Ukraine, Institute of Experimental Toxicology and Biomedical Research, 6 Heroiv Oborony St.,
  Kyiv, 03680, Ukraine
²Ukrainian Military Medical Academy, Department of Military Toxicology, Radiology and Medical
³State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical
  Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine

PROSPECTS FOR CREATION OF RADIOPROTECTIVE MEANS BASED ON NATURAL POLYPHENOLS AND POLYSACCHARIDES

The high level of nuclear radiation threats in the modern world determines the need to find new means of pharmacological protection of the health of military personnel and civilians from the effects of ionizing radiation. Of particular scientific interest in this aspect are natural polyphenols as a promising basis for the development of new drugs, radiomodifiers.
Objective. Justification of the prospects of creating radioprotective agents based on compositions of plant polyphenolic substances (PPS) and polysaccharides.
Material and methods. The experiments were performed on 130 laboratory white rats-male of Wistar line sexually mature weighting 180–240 g. Animals once received a total X-ray dose equivalent to 4.25 Gy. The effects of quercetin and patulaten to the processes of reparative regeneration under conditions of X-ray irradiation and against the background of butadione suppression were investigated. Indicators in the study groups were compared using the Student’s t-test for independent samples; the differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05.
Results. The various biological properties of quercetin, in particular, the ability to bind hydroxyl radicals, is the potential for developing radioprotective agents based on it. At the first stage of the study, the effect of PPS and their compositions with polysaccharides on reparative regeneration was studied against the background of its suppression in intact and irradiated animals. With the oral administration of PPS and their compositions with pectin to white rats, 30 minutes before the administration of butadion, an increase in the processes of reparative regeneration in the cells of the covering epitheliumof the esophagus was observed. At the same time, quercetin granules caused the most expressive effect, which increased the statistically significant value of the mitotic index by 78.5 % in relation to the group of animals injected with butadion. At the second stage of the study, the effect of polyphenolic substances and their compositions with pectin on the processes of reparative regeneration in intact and irradiated white rats was studied on a model of linear skin wounds. The prophylactic administration of quercetin granules and the treatment of wounds with 20 % sterile quercetin gel significantly accelerated the healing process. Experimental data indicate that quercetin granules have the ability to stimulate the processes of reparative regeneration, quercetin showed the greatest efficiency with simultaneous use inside and topically.
Conclusions. The research results indicate the promise of developing radioprotective drugs that can stimulate reparative regeneration processes based on compositions of plant polyphenolic substances and polysaccharides in various qualitative and quantitative ratios.
Key words: medical protection, radiation protection, radio modifiers, quercetin, patulaten.

Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology.
2020;25:309-320. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-309-320

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